Tonga: Twin-deck canoe in the Friendly Isles (Tonga), c.1785.

Jean-Francois de Galoup, Comte de La PŽrouse (August 23, 1741-1788) was a French explorer and naval officer. In 1785, the King of France commissioned La Perouse to head an expedition to explore the Pacific Ocean, to investigate whaling and fur prospects, and to establish French claims in this area. La PŽrouse had admired the explorer James Cook, and wanted to continue his work. La Perouse was assigned two 500-ton ships called the Astrolabe and the Boussole. His crew of 114 included sailors, scientists, a physicist, three draftsmen, three naturalists, clergymen, and a mathematician. They left France in August, 1785. La Perouse mapped the west coast of North America in 1786, and visited Easter Island and Hawaii. His ships reached the west coast of Alaska in 1786 and did extensive mapping of the North American west coast from Alaska to Monterey, California. Next La PŽrouse landed at Botany Bay (Port Jackson), Australia, before heading for the Solomon Islands. La PŽrouse took the opportunity to send his journals, some charts and also some letters back to Europe with a British naval ship. He wrote that he expected to be back in France by June 1789, however neither he, nor any of his men, were seen again. Fortunately the valuable written documents that he dispatched with the Sirius from the in-progress expedition were returned to Paris, where they were published posthumously. Both of La Perouse's ships were lost in a storm close to the Solomons in 1788. No survivors were ever found. (Photo by: Pictures From History/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)